Which medical gas is commonly used for anesthesia and sedation?

Nitrous oxide is commonly used for anesthesia and sedation due to its unique properties that allow it to provide effective analgesia and anxiolysis. It is often referred to as "laughing gas" because it can induce a state of euphoria and relaxation in patients. Nitrous oxide works by depressing the central nervous system, leading to decreased perception of pain and anxiety, which is particularly advantageous during dental procedures, minor surgeries, and various outpatient interventions.

In contrast, other gases like oxygen are vital for patient respiration and maintaining adequate oxygenation but do not have the sedative effects. Carbon dioxide is typically used in medical applications for insufflation during laparoscopic surgeries and does not provide sedation or anesthesia. Helium, while having specific medical uses such as in the treatment of certain respiratory disorders, does not have anesthetic properties and is not used for sedation in medical procedures. The unique combination of safety, rapid onset, and reversibility makes nitrous oxide a preferred choice for short-duration anesthesia and sedation.