What role does a pulse oximeter play in evaluating patient health?

A pulse oximeter is a non-invasive medical device that primarily measures oxygen saturation levels in a patient's blood. This measurement is crucial in assessing how effectively oxygen is being transported throughout the body. By placing a sensor, usually on a fingertip or earlobe, the pulse oximeter can determine the percentage of hemoglobin that is saturated with oxygen compared to the total hemoglobin in the blood. A normal reading typically ranges from 95% to 100%; values below this range may indicate respiratory issues or inadequate oxygen supply to tissues.

This information is vital for healthcare providers when diagnosing conditions such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), pneumonia, or other respiratory illnesses. It helps guide treatment decisions and monitor the effectiveness of therapies, especially in patients with known respiratory problems or those undergoing sedation or anesthesia. Understanding and being able to interpret these readings enables medical professionals to react promptly to changes in a patient’s condition.