What is the primary function of helium when used as a medical gas?

The primary function of helium when used as a medical gas is to reduce airway resistance. Helium has a lower density than regular air, which allows it to flow more easily through constricted airways. This property is particularly beneficial in medical situations where airway obstruction is present, such as in patients with conditions like asthma or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). By using helium, the effort required to breathe can be decreased, leading to improved airflow and reduced work of breathing.

While oxygen is essential for respiration, helium does not provide oxygen, which rules out its use for this purpose. Increasing lung volume and facilitating anesthesia are functions typically associated with other gases; helium’s role is specifically focused on enhancing airflow and reducing resistance in the airways. This unique property of helium makes it valuable in clinical settings for managing respiratory distress and improving patient comfort.